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WHAT IS IT?
Obesity is a complex disorder involving an excessive amount of body fat that increases your risk of many health problems, including heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure.
You’re considered obese when your body mass index (BMI) is 30 or higher. Your body mass index is calculated by dividing your weight in kilograms (kg) by your height in meters (m) squared. For most people, BMI is a reasonable estimate of body fat. But some people, such as muscular athletes, may have a BMI in the obese category even though they don’t have excess body fat.
WHAT’S THE CAUSE?
Although there are genetic and hormonal influences on body weight, obesity typically occurs when you take in more calories than you burn through exercise and normal daily activities. Obesity usually results from a combination of factors. Some of the more common factors include:
TREATMENT
The goal of treatment is to reach and stay at a healthy weight. Weight-loss therapies include:
Dietary changes
Reducing calories and eating healthy foods are vital to overcoming obesity. Slow and steady weight loss over the long term is considered the safest way to lose weight and the best way to keep it off. Avoid drastic and unrealistic diet changes, such as crash diets. You and your doctor can determine how many calories should consume each day to lose weight, but a typical amount is 1,200 to 1,500 calories for women and 1,500 to 1,800 for men.
Exercise and activity
People who are able to lose weight and maintain their weight loss for more than a year generally get regular exercise. Aim for at least 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity physical activity. To achieve more significant weight loss, you may need to exercise 300 or more minutes a week.
Behavior changes
A behavior modification program examines your habits to find out what factors, stresses, or situations may have contributed to your obesity and helps you make changes. Therapy can take place on both an individual and a group basis.
Surgery
Weight-loss surgery can help you lose as much as 35 percent or more of your excess body weight, but surgery isn’t a miracle cure. To keep the weight off, you still need to make lifestyle changes. Weight-loss surgeries include:
Excerpt From: The Mayo Clinic. “Mayo Clinic A to Z Health Guide”.